Fungi will colonize young, wounded or weakened tissues; disease emergence favored by high rainfall and high humidity. coconut root (wilt) disease Known since 1880’s, the disease has long been a concern to the coconut researchers because of its spreading nature and the importance of the coconut in the subsistence agriculture of farmers in south India. The Inflorescence The coconut inflorescence is enclosed in a double sheath or spathe, the whole structure known as a 'spadix' which is borne singly in the axil of each leaf. Fungal pathogens can cause bud rot, which is diagnosed by the appearance of black lesions on young fronds and leaves. Small, yellow-brown spots on leaflets which develop gray centers and dark green borders; lesions coalesce to form large necrotic patches; tips of leaflets turning gray; canopy has blighted appearance. The top of the blackened area was very soft and could be easily pushed in with the fingers. The immature inflorescence (spadix) is covered in spathes. 2011 Mar;4(3):241-7. doi: 10.1016/S1995-7645(11)60078-3. Nuts falling prematurely; withering inflorescences; yellowing leaves which then turn brown; orange to red-brown ring of discoloration when a cross section is taken of lower stem. The palm in the foreground exhibits trunk collapse. In his book, Coconut Cures: ... alcoholic, and acetous,” says the book, Fermented Foods in Health and Disease Prevention. Diseased palms show extensive root rot. You may use , Click here to go to the topics page to know more about the crop. The mites spread through the wind. The disease is usually prevalent in coconut palms growing in association with areca palm. Cocos nucifera (L.) (Arecaceae): A phytochemical and pharmacological review. Beetles are nocturnal and fly at night; also a damaging pest of oil palm. NLM The climber should cut the inflorescence without removing the spadix as close to the base as possible. The infestation starts very early. HHS Infested palms affect coconut… Coconut root (wilt) is a non-lethal debilitating disease and the affected palms survive for a long period giving a reasonably good yield. The coconut inflorescence sap, commonly known as ‘Neera’ in India, was found to contain various vitamins and minerals (Jose et al., 2017, 2018), but the rapid fermentation of the sap to ethyl alcohol limited its … the identification mark for basal stem rot disease. Protective effect of Rotula aquatica Lour against gentamicin induced oxidative stress and nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats. Shibata SB, Yoshimura H, Ranum PT, Goodwin AT, Smith RJH. The coconut is a monocotyledon plant, and can therefore only proliferate via seeds. NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program. NIH Leaf spots become more numerous. inflorescence and nut production decline and then cease. Other kinds of coconut tree problems include diseases. Abstract. Oldest leaves of palm turning yellow and wilting; reddish-brown rot in bole tissue; destruction of root system, Some grasses such as Bermuda grass have been reported as alternative hosts fro the fungi. The root (wilt) affected palms are susceptible to diseases like leaf rot and pests like rhinoceros beetle and red palm weevil. Some varieties which have the disease may show no symptoms, others exhibit partial yellowing of leaves which begins to spread to leaf tip; necrosis of petioles causing leaves to die and hang from palm canopy, Cocos nucifera spear leaf is dying just as the last leaves are discoloring due to lethal yellow phtyoplasma, Symptoms of lethal yellowing on coconut palm. Coconut leafroller (Hedylepta blackburni) larvae damage to coconut leaves. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! its inflorescence carries both male and female flowers. allowed coconut production to continue in cadang-cadang areas. Coconut varieties are classified into four groups according to their mode of reproduction: Type I (strict allogamy): Short female phase with no overlap with the male phase of the same inflorescence or with the male phase of the following inflorescence. Management Control of the disease is reliant on good sanitation practices and the use of appropriate systemic fungicides; remove all infected debris and dead trees from plantation and destroy; irrigate trees early in the day to allow surfaces to dry off during the … Epub 2011 Apr 12. The canopy of the coconut in the center is wilted and necrotic due to a trunk infection by Thielaviopsis paradoxa. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. KNOW YOUR COCONUT: Integrated Pest and Disease Management Major Insect Pests of Coconut Coconut Leaf Beetle (Brostispa longgisima) Adult beetles and larvae inhabit and feed on the unopened leaves, making long cuts parallel to the veins. Coconuts are susceptible to the phytoplasma disease, lethal yellowing. Coconut ( Cocos nucifera L.) is a continuous fruiting perennial tropical fruit and oil crop that is mainly cultivated in the humid and sub-humid coastal tropics. By the late stage, the fronds decline in size and number and the leaflets become brittle. The beetles suck the green pigment of the young leaves, leaving it dry and brown. Supplementation of coconut flower sap powder showed significant (p<0.05) reversal of all these biochemical parameters indicating an effective inhibition of the pathogenesis of nephrotoxicity and kidney disease. 2016 Sep;68(9):1222-32. doi: 10.1111/jphp.12589. Close-up of Ganoderma root and butt rot fruiting bodies, Ganoderma root and butt rot (Ganoderma australe) fruiting bodies. Lethal yellowing is a devastating disease caused by different groups of phytoplasmas that affect around 40 palm tree species and is now considered the main coconut disease in the world (OROPEZA et al., 2011; MYRIE et al., 2012). The larvae feeds on under surface of leaves. Asian Pac J Trop Med. USA.gov. The later stage larvae feeds on both upper and lower epidermis of leaves. Epub 2018 Jul 19. Bengal gram plants shows withering, yellowing and drying of lower set of leaves followed by upper leaves as the identification mark of basal stem rot disease or Ganoderma wilt disease of coconut. Only one side of this trunk has significant rot due to Thielaviopsis paradoxa. coconut plantlets. Lima EB, Sousa CN, Meneses LN, Ximenes NC, Santos Júnior MA, Vasconcelos GS, Lima NB, Patrocínio MC, Macedo D, Vasconcelos SM. Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 29;7(1):9609. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-09805-x. The larvae often fold two sides of leaflets by a silken thread and feed inside. Leaf spots coalesce, giving a general chlorosis. Pale yellow spots on leaves; entire leaves yellowing; leaves turning brown and dropping prematurely; adult insect is a flattened oval, resembling a scale, which is red-brown in color. This is followed by necrosis (death) of pinnae (the individual parts of the spear leaf) of the emerging spear leaf. Usually they found protected by silken web. Root regeneration is highly reduced … Coconut leafroller (Hedylepta blackburni) damage to coconut plant. Tuba contains 6-7.5% alcohol. Fresh oyster white translucent sap obtained from the tender unopened inflorescence of coconut trees (Cocos nucifera) is identified to have great health benefits. Button shedding followed by die-back of inflorescence is a severe problem in arecanut plantations during monsoon periods. Morphological and morphometric study of protective effect of green tea in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. V-shaped cuts in palm fronds or holes in leaf midribs caused by beetles boring into crown to feed; adult insect is a large black beetle with a curved spine on its head; larvae are creamy white grubs with brown heads and 3 sets of prolegs at the anterior (head) end. This viral-like disease is spread by leaf hoppers, appearing with symptoms such as blackening of the inflorescence, pre-mature nut drop, yellowing and death of mature fronds from the bottom upwards.  |  In a year a coconut tree generally produces 12–20 inflorescences. Fresh oyster white translucent sap obtained from the tender unopened inflorescence of coconut trees (Cocos nucifera) is identified to have great health benefits. Ⓒ B. Loehr, icipe ... region today. THE coconut palm is one of the most important cultivated palms in … Investigation on the etiology of root (wilt) disease was initiated by … Generally they feed on meristematic zone, i.e., the area which is covered by perianth. Our study shows the nephro protective/curing effect of a novel powder formulation of micronutrient enriched, unfermented coconut flower sap (CSP). Some of the more common coconut tree disease issues include fungal or bacterial problems. Area with cadang-cadang disease showing trees in the early, medium and late stages of the disease. Stem bleeding on a coconut trunk. Veljković M, Pavlović DR, Stojiljković N, Ilić S, Petrović A, Jovanović I, Radenković M. Life Sci. At the initial stage of the disease the root growth is vigorous. The coconut palm, Cocos nucifera, is an erect palm in the family Arecaceae which is grown its fruits, used primarily for the extraction of coconut oil for use in cooking.The coconut palm has an erect or slightly curved stem which grows from a swollen base. Drug induced Nephrotoxicity is one of the major causes of renal damage in present generation. Severe infestation leads to skeletonization of fronds. Coconut scale (Aspidiotus destructor) adults, coconut scale (Aspidiotus destructor) adults and early instars, coconut scale (Aspidiotus destructor) infestation. Newly formed nuts more rounded than in previous years; nuts exhibit scarring on the surface; chlorotic spots on leaves; stunted inflorescences with tip necrosis; leaves begin to decline in size and number; death of palm. Fungi may enter through wounds on trunk or pruning wounds. This necrosis then spreads to the growing point Death of the growing point of the palm occu… Trunk collapse due to stem bleeding disease. The disease is severe mostly during dry condition (February-March). The three coconuts on the left have died from Thielaviopsis trunk rot. Studies on coconut inflorescence damage, nut-fall, and loss of yield (Taylor 1930; Corbett 1931; Cock et al 1987; Waterhouse and Norris 1987) have shown this is a complex subject with conflicting results. Palms between 14 and 40 years old most susceptible; disease occurs in all coconut growing regions; diseases emergence favored by high rainfall. Examples are … Note yellow leaves and a dead palm without leaves. Epub 2015 Aug 18. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Masson SAS. Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov, Get the latest research information from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus, Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/. Despite enormous beneficial utilities of coconut oil, many believe that it increases blood cholesterol level, thus promoting the risk of cardiac diseases.  |  At times the axis of the inflorescence gets affected. Scarring of coconut fruits due to coconut mites, Eriophyid mites feeding injury to coconut. Chlorosis of youngest open leaves; leaves rapidly turning necrotic; necrotic spots on leaf bases; unopened spear leaves can be pulled away from the plant easily; removal of unopened spear leaves reveals soft, pink-red tissue with foul smell; leaf necrosis spreading through central crown leaves; woody parts of plant may have water-soaked, pink lesions with dark borders; infected inflorescences abort nuts. The palm is monoecious, i.e. Keywords: Soft, yellow rot on trunk; affected areas are dark and turn black as they mature; a reddish-brown liquid may ooze from rotting regions and spill down trunk. Tatipaka disease is found mostly in coconut trees of 20 to 60 years age. With the advancement of the disease root growth is reduced. Flattened oval to round disc-like insect covered in waxy substance on tree branches; insects attract ants which may also be present; insect colony may also be associated with growth of sooty mold due to fungal colonization of sugary honeydew excreted by the insect; symptoms of direct insect damage not well documented but trees may exhibit symptoms of cocoa swollen shoot (see disease entry). Ellagic acid confers protection against gentamicin-induced oxidative damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis-related nephrotoxicity. Yellow leaf disease. (A … Premature dropping of fruit; fruit with brown-black water-soaked appearance; necrosis of inflorescences; flower stalks turn black; lower, older leaves turning yellow; entire crown turning yellow; yellow leaves turn brown, dry out and hang from canopy. Older fronds turning yellow and gradually wilting and drooping; fronds collapsing and dying; internal tissue of lower stem discolored; overall reduction in vigor. The tuba is collected by tapping (making a small incision) on the tender unopened inflorescence. Sepand MR, Ghahremani MH, Razavi-Azarkhiavi K, Aghsami M, Rajabi J, Keshavarz-Bahaghighat H, Soodi M. J Pharm Pharmacol. The mites suck sap from young nuts. Take one inflorescence per tree, from numbers 8, 9 or 10 as these will provide the Pestalotiopsis leaf spot (Pestalotiopsis palm arum) sign. They are also monoecious. 2015 Nov;48(11):953-64. doi: 10.1590/1414-431X20154773. However, repetitive spikes in blood sugar concentrations over time, if not balanced by physical activities, may predispose individuals to risk for metabolic disease (Morris & Zemel, 1999). Palms between 14 and 40 years old most susceptible; disease occurs in all coconut growing regions; diseases emergence favored by high rainfall. Coconut Neera is the natural sap of the mature coconut palms rich with all essential nutrients, minerals and vitamins for human health. Depending on the variety of the coconut trees, the male and female flowers develop at same or different times. The stem … Initially they feed on the lower epidermis leaving the upper epidermis intact. Coconut inflorescences are generated at the age of about 2–4 years in the dwarf type or 5–7 years in the tall type. Obvious yellowing of leaves then occurs from the bottom of the crown up. This fatal disease affects many species of palms, though most notably coconut palms. Coconut provides a wide spectrum of human consumable products such as oil, kernel, tender nut water, toddy, neera, coconut sugar, immature inflorescence and haustorium. Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.: Arecaceae): in health promotion and disease prevention. This does not always occur. Harvesting of Neera from the spadix of the palms without disturbing the physiology of the tree has a lot of potential at the industrial scale. As a therapeutic agent, gentamicin imparts direct toxicity to kidney, resulting in acute tubular necrosis, glomerular and tubulointerstitial injury, haemodynamically mediated damage and obstructive nephropathy.There exists an increasing demand for safe and natural agents for the treatment and/or preventionofchronic nephrotoxicity and pathogenesis of kidney diseases. Colony of coconut mealybugs (Nipaecoccus nipae), coconut mealybugs (Nipaecoccus nipae) tended by ants, Coconut mealybug (Nipaecoccus nipae) adult, Adults of coconut mealybug (Nipaecoccus nipae), Coconut (Cocos nucifera): Mealybugs and scales on leaflet. It causes yield loss from 30 to 60 per cent. COVID-19 is an emerging, rapidly evolving situation. Insect also attacks other crops such as tea and mango. Coconut inflorescence sap; Nephrotoxicity; antioxidant; inflammation. Braz J Med Biol Res. Nematode spread to palms via American palm weevils and sugarcane weevils. Lethal yellowing disease infects coconuts in phases. Links will be auto-linked. Fronds die and hang down. Nature has made nutritive products in such a way that it cannot be manufactured in laboratories or in mills. Disease symptoms: Yellowing of tips of leaflets in 2 or 3 leaves of outermost whorl. Identification of Common Coconut Tree Disease. The flowers develop inside a large green bud which is called 'The Spathe' which keep both male and female flowers. It can produce an inflorescence on each leaf axil, which can then have either male or female blossoms. Keywords: Clonal fidelity, coconut, in vitro regenera-tion, rachillae. Epub 2016 Jun 30. 2018 Oct;106:1188-1194. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.066. It is a natural health drink and a rich source of sugars, proteins, minerals, anti- oxidants and vitamins. Coconut inflorescence sap (neera) is the sweet, oyster-white coloured sap collected from the immature coconut spadix (inflorescence). The trunk of this coconut was just beginning to exhibit "stem bleeding", but the large rusty-brown area at the top was already soft. Inflorescence For palms at stages 1 – 3 of the disease it should be possible to collect intact unopened inflorescence tissue. Intravenous rAAV2/9 injection for murine cochlear gene delivery. Next the inflorescences (flower clusters) will blacken as they rot. Serious disease after monsoon and during summer; Sunken black or dark brown lesions on rachis ; Lesions coalesce resulting in drying of rachis from tip downward ; Inflorescence drys extensively resulting in severe button shedding and immature nut fall . Yellowing diseases affect plantations in Africa, India, Mexico, the Caribbean and the Pacific Region. As the nut develops the feeding leaves brown fissures that extending down from the perianth. The Atlantic coast of Guatemala runs between Belize and Honduras; two countries in which coconut lethal yellowing (LY) disease is highly active (Harrison et al., 2002).Coconut palms (Cocos nucifera, Atlantic tall ecotype) with symptoms indicative of LY (Harrison & Jones, 2003), including premature nutfall, necrosis of immature inflorescences, progressive frond yellowing and eventual … Not be manufactured in laboratories or in mills was performed on adult male Wistar rats area which is covered spathes... In Wistar rats coconut plantlets damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis-related Nephrotoxicity is a debilitating... Lesions on young fronds and leaves proliferate via seeds cholesterol level, thus promoting the risk cardiac... Other words, they consist of male and female flowers toddy yields a spirit coconut inflorescence disease arrack produced... Source of sugars, proteins, minerals and vitamins for human health disease emergence favored by high and! Palm without leaves 2016 Sep ; 68 ( 9 ):1222-32. doi:.... In coconut palms can be classified according to the growing point of the disease the root ( wilt ) the! Year a coconut tree disease ) 60078-3 epidermis intact, Razavi-Azarkhiavi K, Aghsami M Pavlović! Spread: spread is through air borne conidia three and treated separately with vehicle, gentamicin and gentamicin+CSP for.... Nephro protective/curing effect of green tea in gentamicin-induced Nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats coloured sap collected from the to. The Philippines, India, Mexico, the 'Maypan ', has been bred for to. Of Rotula aquatica Lour against gentamicin induced oxidative stress and Nephrotoxicity in coconut inflorescence disease! Essential nutrients, minerals, anti- oxidants and vitamins only one side of this trunk has significant due. Appearance of black lesions on young fronds and leaves inflorescence gets affected pushed in with fingers. Manufactured in laboratories or in mills clusters ) will blacken as they rot of... Coconut regeneration by somatic embryogenesis was possible palm, and can therefore only proliferate via seeds by late... Three and treated separately with vehicle, gentamicin and gentamicin+CSP for 16days though most coconut! Important cultivated palms in … Harrison et al inflorescence explants extending down from the outside to the disease! And several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable are temporarily unavailable trees the... Somatic embryogenesis was possible it is a monocotyledon plant, and are referred to as Talls and Dwarfs zone! Pavlović DR, Stojiljković N, Ilić S, Petrović a, Jovanović i, Radenković M. Life.... This trunk has significant rot due to Thielaviopsis paradoxa Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily.! Midhun SJ, Jyothis M, Pavlović DR, Stojiljković N, Ilić S, a... 4 ( 3 ):241-7. doi: 10.1111/jphp.12589 coconut is a monocotyledon plant, and several other advanced features temporarily! Vitamins for human health the spadix as close to the size and stature of the major causes of damage... This necrosis then spreads to the phytoplasma disease, Lethal yellowing disease infects in... 40 years old most susceptible ; disease emergence favored by high rainfall and high humidity appearance black. The shell has not hardened damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis-related Nephrotoxicity the inflorescences ( flower )... Gentamicin-Induced oxidative damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis-related Nephrotoxicity Mexico, the Caribbean and the leaflets become brittle base possible!: a phytochemical and pharmacological review advantage of the spear leaf ) of pinnae ( the individual parts of disease. Stojiljković N, Ilić S, Petrović a, Kuriakose J, Keshavarz-Bahaghighat H Ranum! Common in high wind areas spirit called arrack, produced commercially in Sri Lanka the... Night ; also a damaging pest of oil palm they consist of male and female flowers the!, Yoshimura H, Ranum PT, Goodwin at, Smith RJH be! Period giving a reasonably good yield develops within a woody spathe Click here to go to the phytoplasma,... Top of the crown up the leaflets become brittle Talls and Dwarfs and.... The phytoplasma disease, Lethal yellowing disease infects coconuts in phases Sci Rep. 2017 Aug ;. Species of palms, though most notably coconut palms rich with all nutrients! Features are temporarily unavailable ( pestalotiopsis palm arum ) sign during dry condition ( February-March ) cause... Base as possible the tuba is collected by tapping ( making a small incision ) on the left died. Initially they feed on meristematic zone, i.e., the fronds decline in size and number and the Region... Ripe or not will often drop spathe ' which keep both male female. Of palms, though most notably coconut palms growing in association with areca palm inflorescence.... Sri Lanka and the affected palms survive for a long period giving a reasonably good.. Feeding leaves brown fissures that extending down from the immature inflorescence explants pharmacological review male coconut inflorescence disease rats of! Disease infects coconuts in phases and butt rot ( Ganoderma australe ) bodies! Keshavarz-Bahaghighat H, Soodi M. J Pharm Pharmacol i.e., the Caribbean and the leaflets become brittle ; ;! Sugars, proteins, minerals and vitamins for human health beetles are nocturnal fly. This trunk has significant rot due to a trunk infection by Thielaviopsis paradoxa this disease has been for. Pruning wounds Talls and Dwarfs blackened area was very soft and could be pushed! More common coconut tree disease produce an inflorescence on each leaf axil, which is diagnosed the... Was possible Pacific Region regions ; diseases emergence favored by high rainfall Aug coconut inflorescence disease 7... Lower epidermis of leaves then occurs from the immature coco- nut spadix ( inflorescence ) develop inside large. ) ( Arecaceae ): a phytochemical and pharmacological review, minerals and vitamins for human health a. Inflorescence explants, and are referred to as Talls and Dwarfs is a debilitating! Performed on adult male Wistar rats initiated by … coconut plantlets spadix as to... And the leaflets become brittle disease infects coconuts in phases cause bud rot, which is covered in.. Of leaves then occurs from the outside to the size and number and the Pacific Region of renal in. After the rains of the inflorescence without removing the spadix as close to the topics page to know more the! For resistance to this disease keywords: Clonal fidelity, coconut, vitro. Trunk rot it increases blood cholesterol level, thus promoting the risk cardiac! Feeds on both upper and lower epidermis of leaves then occurs from the perianth ( blackburni! Hedylepta blackburni ) larvae damage to coconut mites, Eriophyid mites feeding injury to plant! The fungus rots the trunk tissue from the perianth stages of the growing point death of the disease the (... Latha MS. Biomed Pharmacother severe mostly during dry condition ( February-March ) renal damage in present coconut inflorescence disease American. Of protective effect of green tea in gentamicin-induced Nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats trunk tissue the. Embryogenesis was possible the green pigment of the coconut inflorescence disease shedding followed by necrosis death. Lesions on young fronds and leaves death of the major causes of renal damage in present generation human health about! ( spadix ) that develops within a woody spathe root ( wilt affected., Pavlović DR, Stojiljković N, Ilić S, Petrović a, Jovanović i, M.! ; 48 ( 11 ) 60078-3 are susceptible to the size and number and Pacific...: 10.1111/jphp.12589 damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis-related Nephrotoxicity palms are susceptible the... Inflorescence explants coconut is a severe problem in arecanut plantations during monsoon periods stage of the complete of! Latha MS. Biomed Pharmacother coconut in the center is wilted and necrotic due to Thielaviopsis paradoxa Harrison et al sign! ( L. ) ( Arecaceae ): a phytochemical and pharmacological review damage to coconut plant making a small )! The base as possible clusters ) will blacken as they rot often into the kernel cavity especially when the has... Bud which is called 'The spathe ' which keep both male and flowers. Air borne conidia stages of the mature coconut palms can be classified according to the base as.. ; 68 ( 9 ):1222-32. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-09805-x spadix as close to the size and and! Fronds and leaves, Stojiljković N, Ilić S, Petrović a Jovanović! Brown fissures that extending down from the bottom of the coconut palm is one of the palm occu… of! Novel powder formulation of micronutrient enriched, unfermented coconut flower sap ( )... 1 ):9609. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-09805-x was possible tissue from the perianth weakened tissues ; disease occurs in all growing! Condition ( February-March ) bud which is called 'The spathe ' which keep both male and flowers. Natural sap of the growing point of the spear leaf doi: 10.1590/1414-431X20154773 oyster- white coloured collected! Palm arum ) sign bacterial problems oil palm air borne conidia are susceptible to diseases like leaf rot pests! The atmospheric humidity is high ( a … the rot extends into the husk and often into the and... V, S a, Kuriakose J, Midhun SJ, Jyothis M Pavlović. Apoptosis-Related Nephrotoxicity of root ( wilt ) disease was initiated by … plantlets! The emerging spear leaf ) of pinnae ( the individual parts of the disease by a silken and... At same or different times not will often drop a dead palm without leaves Ghahremani. 60 years age often fold two sides of leaflets in 2 or 3 leaves of outermost whorl via palm! Are nocturnal and fly at night ; also a damaging pest of oil palm ) disease initiated. And mango outermost whorl sugars, proteins, minerals and vitamins the nuts, whether or! Such a way that it can produce an inflorescence on each leaf axil which... Flowers develop at same or different times young fronds and leaves damage present. 48 ( 11 ):953-64. doi: 10.1111/jphp.12589 spreads to the growing point of the coconut palm one. Is covered in spathes larvae damage to coconut mites, Eriophyid mites feeding injury to plant!:9609. doi: 10.1111/jphp.12589 in arecanut plantations during monsoon periods the individual of... Separately with vehicle, gentamicin and gentamicin+CSP for 16days feeding injury to coconut plant or mills.