Unfortunately, Corrhages was defeated and killed. Antipater then took the side of the Macedonian generals Antigonus, Seleucus, and Ptolemy, who were opposed to the claims of Perdiccas. Aside from his role as hegemon or regent, Antipater was designated the headmaster of the School of Pages as well as assigned the daunting task of handling the finances of both the military and naval forces. It lay between Caesarea Maritima and Lydda, on the great Roman road from Caesarea to Jerusalem, and figures prominently in Roman-era history. Aside from his role as hegemon or regent, Antipater was assigned the daunting task of handling the finances of both the military & naval forces. The Spartan king had been negotiating secretly with Persia, seeking their assistance. Wasson, Donald L. Antipater definition, Macedonian statesman and general: regent of Macedonia 334–323. (394 -395). ANTIPATER (born 397 BCE – died 319) was a Macedonian general and trustworthy commander of Philip II of Macedon. However, before he could realize his vision, he had to be assured of the army’s loyalty. Antipater accompanied Alexander when he faced an assembly of Macedonian troops. The historian Plutarch wrote in his Greek Lives of Olympias' reaction to the incident stating that on the strength of information she received five years after her son’s death she had a “number of men put to death” and  scattered the exhumed remains of Iolaus’s body because it was he who had administered the poison (380). 4 BCE: Herod the Great, suspicious of rival factions, executes his son Antipater. Ancient History Encyclopedia Foundation is a non-profit organization. Antipater and Parmenion were instrumental in making Alexander leader of the Macedonians after his father Philip died. Unfortunately, a serious disagreement between the two led to a once trusted commander being implicated in the suspected poisoning of one of history’s greatest leaders. Antipater resented the order, considering it a death warrant. When Alexander heard of the victory, he considered it insignificant. When Athens began to speak of the conditions of peace, Antipater insisted that only the victor sets the conditions and that each Greek city-state was to negotiate its own terms. He also became an advisor to the Maccabean Queen Alexandra Salome. Ancient History Encyclopedia. Antipater (son of Herod the Great) Antipater II ( Greek: Ἀντίπατρος, translit. While these factions would change over the next three decades, Antipater and his son initially sided with the commanders Ptolemy I and Antigonus I. While he resented her interference, Alexander’s mother believed that Antipater was abusing his power as regent, behaving more like a king. A debate as to the cause exists to this day. After Philip’s assassination by the disgruntled Pausanias, a disagreement arose among the nobility as to who was the rightful heir to the throne of Macedon. He achieved a major increase in status by marrying a woman from a wealthy family in Petra. The death of Antipater [18.48.4] While already on his death-bed, Antipater appointed Polyperchon guardian of the kings and general with full powers (Polyperchon was nearly the oldest member of Alexander's expedition, and was respected by the Macedonians.) The philosopher and former tutor blamed Alexander for the death of Callisthenes, the court historian, who had been suspected in an earlier conspiracy to kill the king. The Ancient History Encyclopedia logo is a registered EU trademark. While in Thrace, word of Alexander’s supposed death made its way to the Greek city of Thebes and they revolted. Web. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Specify between which dates you want to search, and what keywords you are looking for. Search through the entire ancient history timeline. Sparta, who had never joined the League of Corinth, seized upon Alexander’s absence and instigated a revolt on the Peloponnese. Josephus states that Antipater I belonged to a distinguished Edomite family, the members of which had embraced Judaism in the days of John Hyrcanus. Aware of the uprising in Thrace, Alexander ordered Antipater to quickly come to terms with the governor. The historian Arrian, who never believed the rumors, wrote, I am aware that much else has been written about Alexander’s death; for instance, that Antipater sent him some medicine which had been tampered with and that he took it, with fatal results. He was the son of Antipas, a convert to Judaism, who was governor of Idumæa under the reigns of Alexander Jannæus and his queen dowager Alexandra, and rendered himself serviceable to the Jewish rulers, through his connections with his former congeners, of Arabia Petræa. With Antipater engaged elsewhere and unable to faced Agis himself, he sent the commander Corrhages to deal with the rebellious Agis. Herod Antipater (Greek: Ἡρῴδης Ἀντίπατρος, Hērǭdēs Antipatros; born before 20 BC – died after 39 AD), known by the nickname Antipas, was a 1st-century ruler of Galilee and Perea, who bore the title of tetrarch ("ruler of a quarter") and is referred to as both "Herod the Tetrarch" and "King Herod" in the New Testament, although he never held the title of king. Alexander III of Macedon, known as Alexander the Great (l. 20 or... Antigonus I Monophthalmus ("the One-Eyed") (382 -301... Cassander (c. 355-297 BCE, r. 305-297 BCE) was self-proclaimed... Demetrius I of Macedon, also known as Demetrios Poliorcetes, the... Lysimachus (c. 361-281 BCE) was one of Alexander the Great’s... Alexander the Great owed much to the influence of his parents... A History of the Hellenistic World: 323 - 30 BC [Blackwell History of... Alexander the Great and His Empire: A Short Introduction, Antipater's Dynasty: Alexander the Great's Regent and his Successors, Alexander's Heirs: The Age of the Successors, Dioscorides and Antipater of Sidon: The Poems, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. In the subsequent battle at Crannon in 322 BCE, the Athenian commander was killed, forcing an end to the war. Others were also implicated; allegedly Cassander brought the poison with him from Macedon hidden in a mule’s hoof and Aristotle supposedly prepared it. Antipater was from Edom (Idumaea), the area between the Dead Sea and the Gulf of Aqaba. Following his father’s death, Alexander found not only his ability but also the strength of Macedon’s control over Greece threatened. Antipater, (born c. 397 bce—died 319), Macedonian general, regent of Macedonia (334–23) and of the Macedonian Empire (321–319) whose death signaled the end of centralized authority in the empire. Wrong! However, Antipater and fellow commander Parmenio, who was in Asia Minor at the time, remained loyal to Alexander, so with the urging of his doting mother, Olympias, Alexander became king at the age of 20. Please help us create teaching materials on Mesopotamia (including several complete lessons with worksheets, activities, answers, essay questions, and more), which will be free to download for teachers all over the world. Antipater, (died 43 bc ), Idumaean founder of the Herodian dynasty in Palestine. Not everybody was convinced of these accusations, though. Herod was a schemer who took advantage of Roman political unrest to claw his way to the top. While in Babylon, Alexander became extremely ill after a late-night party - an illness from which he would never recover. She would have to have been re-betrothed to someone worthy. Our latest articles delivered to your inbox, once a week: Numerous educational institutions recommend us, including Oxford University and Michigan State University and University of Missouri. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Omissions? Alexander died without naming an heir or successor. He was named after his paternal grandfather Antipater the Idumaean. The coalition almost defeated Macedon. Casualties for the Spartans and their allies numbered over 5,300 while 3,500 Macedonians fell. 360 BCE 320 BCE 280 BCE 240 BCE 200 BCE 160 BCE 120 BCE 80 BCE 40 BCE. Instead, Antipater chose the commander Polyperchon because he believed his son to be too young to successfully oppose the other regents. Antipater was the father of King Herod the Great. Josephus also does not say who Antipater’s daughter was then betrothed to in the second round. The first few years of his reign were not easy for the young king. Antipater, with his half-brothers, was then sent to Rome, under the care of Agrippa, to receive an education befitting a prince and patrician (13 B.C. Viewing this as a sign of disrespect, Alexander grew enraged and slammed Cassander’s head against a nearby wall. Antipater - regent of Macedonia, 323-319 B.C. 398?-319 bc. ), governor of Edom in the time of Alexander Yannai and Salome Alexandra, son of Antipater I, and father of * Herod. Herod’s closeness to the imperial family resulted in his choice as a mediator in the Roman–Parthian talks of 36. Although they had both been students together under Aristotle, Alexander resented the young man’s presence. was an advisor of Alexander and commander of Alexander's European forces who served as regent from 334-323 B.C. Refusing to appear himself, he sent his son Cassander who made a number of valiant pleas on his father’s behalf. By the settlement at Triparadisus, Syria (321), after Perdiccas’s death, Antipater became regent of the Macedonian Empire for the two kings: the intellectually disabled Philip III Arrhidaeus and the infant Alexander IV. Antipater, (born c. 397 bce —died 319), Macedonian general, regent of Macedonia (334–23) and of the Macedonian Empire (321–319) whose death signaled the end of centralized authority in the empire. The young king would never return. Antipater had always been considered a trustworthy commander, representing Philip at Athens in 346 BCE. Thus Antipater succeeded in gaining his objects, although the Jewish state lost its independence in consequence. Written by Donald L. Wasson, published on 14 June 2016 under the following license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. [18.48.5] The office and rank of chiliarch was first raised to fame … Eumenes was given Cappadocia and Paphlagonia (eastern Anatolia) to rule while Thrace (northeastern Greece) went to Lysimachus; Syria was given to Selecucos I. He was one of the ablest and most trusted lieutenants of Philip II Philip II, 382–336 B.C., king of Macedon (359–3 See more. He had served as governor of Edom during the reign of King Alexander Jaeneus and Queen Alexandra Salome of Judah during the Hasmonean dynasty. In this conflict, the Roman general Pompey intervened in Hyrcanus' favor. 46 BC – 4 BC) was Herod the Great's first-born son, his only child by his first wife Doris. Ancient History Encyclopedia. To maintain authority in his absence, he left Greece and his beloved Macedon in the capable hands of Antipater as hegemon. Many of the veterans were tired of war, and Philip’s death meant that the war against Persia had been abandoned. 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